Eastern Pipistrelle (Pipistrellus subflavus)


Group	Bats
Code	AMACC03020
Order	Chiroptera
Family	Vespertilionidae
Author	(F. Cuvier, 1832)
Rank	G5 (definitions)
Occurrence	P (definitions)
Scale	N (definitions)

County List:


Western UP	Ontonagon, Keweenaw, Iron, Gogebic, Houghton, Baraga
Eastern UP	none
Northern LP	none
Southern LP	Berrien

Rule:

Mixed Forested/Nonforested Landscapes

Foraging and Roosting Habitat Requirements may be distributed across the NEIGHBORHOOD

Foraging Habitat:
      Grass
      or Upland Brush
      or Residential
      or Pond
      or River
      or Edge
      or Riparian

Roosting Habitat:
      Living Cavity Tree
      or Man-made Structure - Building

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Habitat List:

Habitats	Regen	Sap	Pole	Sm Saw	Lg Saw	Uneven
Aspen	no	no	no	no	no	-
Paper Birch	no	no	no	no	no	-
Oak	no	no	no	no	no	no
Assorted Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Northern Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Spruce/Fir	no	no	no	no	no	no
Hemlock	no	no	no	no	no	no
Jack Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
Red Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
White Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
Conifer Plantations	no	no	no	no	no	-
Mixed Upland Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Northern Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Upland Conifer	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Pine	no	no	no	no	no	no
Swamp Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Balsam Poplar & Swamp Aspen & Swamp Birch	no	no	no	no	no	no
Bottomland Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Tamarack	no	no	no	no	no	no
Northern White Cedar	no	no	no	no	no	no
Black Spruce	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Lowland Hardwoods	no	no	no	no	no	no
Mixed Lowland Conifer	no	no	no	no	no	no
Non-Forested	Grass, Upland Brush, Residential, Pond, River
Special Features	Man-made Structures, Living Cavity Trees, Edges, Riparian

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Literature:

Kurta, A. 1995. Mammals of the Great Lakes Region. University of Michigan Press, Ann Arbor. 376 pp.
Eastern pipistrelles in southern states use caves as maternity roosts, but caves and mines in the Great Lakes area are simply too cold in the summer. Our pipistrelles consistently seek warmer sites, such as barns or possibly hollow trees.

This bat forages over streams and ponds and at the forest-field edge but avoids dense unbroken forests.

The diet consists of small insects 4-10 mm long, and includes beetles, flies, leafhoppers, and the occasional moth or flying ant.

Colonies disband by late summer and the bats migrate a short distance, less than 30 miles to a hibernaculum.

DeGraaf, R. M. and D. D. Rudis. 1986. New England wildlife: habitat, natural history, and distribution. GTR NE-108. Broomall, PA:USDA, Forest Service, Northeastern Forest Experiment Station. 491 pp.
Habitat: Open woods near water, crevices in cliffs, buildings, caves. Avoids deep woods. Commonly roosts in trees during summer days.

Special Habitat Requirements: Warm, draft free, damp sites for hibernation, open woods.

Baker, R. H. 1983. Michigan Mammals. Michigan State University Press, East Lansing, MI. 642 pp.
Habitat Preferences: In winter, the eastern Pipistrelle generally hibernates in substantial, insulated shelters such as caves and mine tunnels. Occasionally in the northern parts of its range this bat may also winter in storm sewers or even hollow stumps. They are creatures of habit and return to these same wintering retreats year after year. In summer, eastern pipistrelles move to summer roosts either in small sex-segregated groups or singly. These shelters, used in daytime after nightly forays for food, are generally in the vicinity of winter quarters but can be as far away as 85 miles. Shelters may occasionally include sites in caves and mine tunnels but more usually in attics of buildings, crevices, and even tree foliage. Eastern pipistrelles use caves for swarming purposes midway between late evening and early morning forage flights. Insect hunting grounds are near treetops and along forested edges of fields and waterways.